Principles of quality control relating to business management Research Paper

Principles of quality control relating to business management - Research Paper Example There are many employees who at times do not take adequate measures in order to maintain proper quality. Therefore, in this regard, it can be demonstrated that such an attitude may lead to loss of the customers. On the flip side, the competitors may take the advantage of the market needs. It has been viewed that most of flourishing companies have identified the role of the customers-defined quality on the business. As a consequence of this, most of the companies have focused their attention towards the quality standards. The two successful companies that have identified the customer satisfaction as their top most priorities are Honda Motor Company and Ford Motors. Quality Quality is one of the primary aspects that each and every organization aspires to maintain upon their products and offerings. Quality in their offerings can offer an organization with the added competitive advantage. The definition of the factor quality in business management context generally relies upon the positi on of the people defining it. There isn’t any single description of quality. ... It has gained importance as in due course of time organizations have realized that poor quality might result to high costs. The greatest loss to the company can result when the poor standards of quality transpires to discontented customers. This can ultimately result in loss of consumer as well as business. The term quality can be associated to a few other costs. One group of cost is referred to as the cost of quality control whereas the other group of cost can be referred as the prevention and appraisal cost (John Wiley & Sons, â€Å"Total Quality Management†). Quality Control The term quality control can be defined as sequence of the analytical measurements that can be taken for the purpose of judging the quality of the analytical data (SlideShare, â€Å"Quality Assurance vs. Quality Control†). The concepts of quality as well as productivity run side by side to each other. Thus, it is important to comprehend how the consumers measure the quality. It is generally done by recognizing how efficiently the product serves its own purpose. According to the views of the manufacturers, quality can be measured by the extent to which the product executes as per the predefined standards. The task of creation of the quality standards, the production of the goods that meet those standards and the measurement of the finished goods is the task of the quality control. In order to control the quality, the companies must be highly dedicated so as to manage and work in a manner that can assist in building excellence in every aspects of the operation of the organization (Gitman, L. J. & McDaniel, C., â€Å"The Future of Business: The Essentials†). Quality Control in Modern Business The modern business environment can be characterized as highly complex

Learning from Failure Essay Example for Free

Learning from Failure Essay Everyone strives for perfection, for most people failure is not an option. However, the reality is that failure is an unpleasant fact, each day, a person fails in his or her tasks, decisions and ideas and organizations fail in their strategies and policies. In this highly competitive and achievement oriented society, a failure in any aspect of a person’s life is construed negatively and stereotyped as a sign of weakness. Failures are indeed negative occurrences that involve the inability to carry out the desired objective or goal of the individual or organization (Cannon Edmondson, 2005). Failures can be either large scale or small scale, and it can have far-reaching effects than mere criticisms. Small-scale failures are normal consequences of the individual’s actions and decisions form day to day, for example, not being able to come to work on time is a failure on the part of the employee. Being tardy is a negative behavior and failing to be punctual can directly affect the work performance of the individual; however, such tardiness can also have dire effects on the organization. Chronic tardiness results to missed hours of work per week and probably lesser output for the department or unit and the organization as a whole. Such a failure can be dissected and analyzed as a personal failure, but it has varied implications for the organization’s policies and performance. On the other hand, large-scale failures are highly sensationalized and have the potential to lessen the competitiveness and the trust that people have on their organizations (Nevis,   DiBella Gould, 1995). F or example, Martha Stewart’s failure and fiasco in her business enterprise have led to criticisms and stigma and for that time, sales of Martha Stewart’s products were very low. Organizational failures are often not highlighted as a basis for learning; instead, it is covered-up and undisclosed to the public. Learning from failure is not a popular concept in the American reality. Failures have a negative connotation and it is not a thing that is shared to most people. Likewise, organizations steer from the issue of failure and find immediate solutions to such failures and problems without considering the possible learning that the failure brings (Nevis,   DiBella Gould, 1995). For example, mass resignations of pilots in an airline company spell disaster, and the most likely action for the company is to reduce flights. Learning from failure dictates that the airline company should look into the reasons of the pilots for leaving the airline. The result of the survey would be used as basis to institute changes in their policies in order to address the concerns of the pilots and to prevent mass resignations in the future. Organizations however, try very hard to keep their failures from becoming public since it would not be good for their business but making failures public communicates that the organization is willing to accept their mistakes and further commit to the improvement of their policies and procedures to prevent and minimize the occurrence of mistakes (Cannon Edmondson, 2005). Large-scale failures that reach the consciousness of the public become common knowledge and these are used as a learning tool for other individuals and organizations.   The stock market scandals have resulted to clearer and stricter guidelines in the stock market. Thus, failures are not entirely negative; instead, it has the potential for driving new information and concepts and in the development of better policies and guidelines for all. Learning is a process that occurs throughout life, and failures play an important role in facilitating learning. Without mistakes and failure, an individual would not be able to learn what is right and acceptable from what is wrong and unacceptable. Failure is as essential to life as learning; one cannot exist without the other. Learning does not occur in a vacuum, it utilizes whatever information, and knowledge is on hand. However, the best kind of learning is said to come from failures and mistakes as it provides concrete basis for differentiating what is positive and good from what is negative and bad (Nevis,   DiBella Gould, 1995). At an individual level, workers sent on a training workshop to learn new skills in the operation of new equipments would only have a working knowledge of the new equipment. Actual operation of the equipment would test the knowledge of the worker and the amount of learning that he has gained from the training workshop. A failure on the part of the worker would lead to the inefficient use of the equipment, and identifying one’s mistakes and source of failure would result to more learning. At this point the worker can now identify which of his actions had resulted to the mistake and which actions would control for the effects of the mistake and what behaviors he should do to prevent the mistake from recurring. In terms of organizational learning, failures are also a rich source of information that could be used to improve and strengthen the strategies that they already have in place (Cannon Edmondson, 2005). It is important for organizations to learn from their failures as it is a factual occurrence that reflect the true state of the organization (Carmeli Sheaffer, 2008). For example, a miscommunication between departments can bring about significant problems and difficulties in the conduct of the organizations’ activities. The most likely reaction is for the department heads and managers to resolve the problems brought about by miscommunication, but if the organization wants to apply the concept of learning from failures, they should b able to identify the source of the miscommunication and in what channels the miscommunication occurred, then the organization should look into the communication patterns of the organization and take the necessary steps to ensure that the communication systems would be corrected to prevent miscommunications in the future. Even though learning from failures has been found to be a useful tool for increasing the efficiency of organizations and in cultivating a positive culture, one that is open to experimentation and failure, not many organizations have embraced the concept and continue to disregard the learning that could be had from failures (Nevis,   DiBella Gould, 1995). In a discussion of why organizations fail to learn from failures, it was pointed out that organizations fail to utilize failures as rich sources of information because of the lack of critical thinking skills that would identify failures as an opportunity for growth (Carmeli Sheaffer, 2008). Additionally, organizations does not take into account and monitor for failure, instead it is systematically removed and not dwelled upon. Another reason for not being able to learn from failures is the human tendency to reduce the effect or to cover-up the incidence of a failure. Even without undue pressure, individuals have the tendency to downplay failures and mistakes and for most to find excuses and blame the failure on the system, and other individuals (Carmeli Sheaffer, 2008). It is important to recognize that failures present a learning opportunity for organizations and even for one’s personal life, and although it takes courage and a more open and willing perspective, it is not impossible to attain. References Cannon, M. Edmondson, A. (2005). Failing to learn and learning to fail (intelligently): How organizations put failure to work to innovate and improve. Long Range Planning, 38, 299-319 Carmeli, A., Sheaffer, Z. (2008). How learning leadership and organizational learning from failures enhance perceived organizational capacity to adapt to the task environment. Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 44:468. Nevis, E. C., DiBella, A.J., Gould, J.M. (1995). Understanding organizations as learning systems. Sloan Management Review, 36, 73-85.

Implementing a Personal Development Plan

Implementing a Personal Development Plan Personal and professional skills are very essential to achieve strategic goals. Manager can perform his responsibilities and duties properly by using these skills. It is the process that is designed to enable the readers to take responsibility for their learning and development needs to meet personal, professional as well as organizational goals and objectives. We can achieve this by analyzing and defining current skills, as well as and preparing and implementing personal development plans. Personal and professional skills help the learner to be competent in the competitive business world and sustain as a skilled professional. This will also help the learner to adopt the necessary skills and developments need to perform is duties effectively. So it is the responsibilities of the managers need to develop their personal and professional improvements plan to achieve new knowledge and experiences so that they can cope with the competitive and changing business world. What is a Skill Audit? There are variety of skills which are not only important to learning in higher education and academic career but also to our personal development and professional career. The following skills audit has been prepared to assist to identify the strengths, weaknesses and scope of for development in various skills areas that will help the learner to be a skilled professional in his career. Conducting a skill audit Skill area/ scope I can perform this in well manner yes , but I need more practice to do I canà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢t perform this well manner Priority development of this skill 1 = very important, 2 = quite important, 3 = not important Organization of learning I have the strategies to help me to plan and arrange my time 1  I am able to properly priorities my works and activities 2  I am able to perform work to in time Information searching skill I am always able to find a definite book or journal in the bookstore/ library using the on-line catalogue system I am able to use a different sources to find information and various data related to my studies  (e.g. journals. books, electronic resources) I am able to use finding gateways on the net to find information and data Studying and note making I can decide which source of a book I need to study I have a procedures for recording where I find data (e.g. book, author, date) IT sector I am able to use various word processing software package to do my assignments and reports I can use many different types computer software (e.g. Word, PowerPoint, Excel, Access and so on ) Stress Management I know well what creates stress I am able to understand of my personal markings or symptom of stress I can use various strategies to assist me deal with stress Personal and professional Development Plan I am always able to identify my personal goals and targets I am always able to plan for my personal development and professional Development Plan Personal and Professional Skills Counseling It is counseling which has become a popular and familiar ways of offering advice and assisting the staff development. It can be included assistance with the new projects and ventures, as well as providing general advice. There are two general ways: the two ways are described below; Directive counseling: Directive counseling involves the ways in which we taking initiative and actually providing various suggesting methods and solutions. The most possible outcome of different courses of action is ranged and a variety of action can be taken as a measures. Indirect counseling: Indirect counseling involves the ways that only the counselee is capable of defining and managing rightly his or her difficulties and problems and that are the most promotive way of finding to the core of a difficulty which is essential to encourage the other party to discuss the matter at a length of duration.. Management Skills It is very essential to gain skills in three different areas to be an effective and efficient manager, which are: task execution, commercial insight and People skills. Commercial Insight Commercial Insight is a set of skills that emphasizes managers efficiency and properly and, in the case of private sector managers, profitability or return on investment. Managers often use strategic knowledge to ensure that they do the accurate task, which will help to profitability and achievement of corporate goals and objectives. Management versus leadership quality Managers are the main authority of a corporation who occupy important positions of firms. Management of the firm is his responsibilities. On the other hand, leadership is an occasional task, such as creativity. It is not like a role. Managers often show leadership when they bring change in an organization but it is the duty of all employees to advocate a change in direction. Skills required for Effective Management and leadership quality For management and for better result there is very essential for being effective and efficient management. Without this an organization cannot reach its ultimate target. So for getting better result the following Management and leadership skills are very essential. Management Skills It is essential to have skills in three different areas to be a good and effective manager. The three areas include task execution and commercial insight as well as people skills. Some manager may have one or two of these qualities but it is very essential to have the three areas for being a good and effective manager. Observation Observation is very important which can help a manager to observe his fellow people in a right manner. Manger needs to observe the activities of the fellow personal to see whether they perform their task or not. Monitoring Employee Performance It is very essential to monitor employee performance in mutually accepted methods. All Policies and procedures that are set need to be clear and prudent. If the performance of employees is monitored on a regular basis they can surely do better. Implementing Professional Development Programs A good leader is one who can identify the strength and weakness of the fellow people and arrange development programs to improve their condition. Good Decision Making A good leader is one who can make wise and good decision. Without making good decision it is not possible for a leader to perform his duties properly. A good leader needs to consider all the inside and outside factors before making a decision. Ways to improve personal and professional Skills We may have brilliant ideas and you may have work hard. But these will not work well if we fail to connect with the people work around your side. If you fail to do it is sure that you will damage your professional career.You are viewing page 1 Bottom of Form There are ten helpful ways that help to improve personal skills in a man: Smile. One can manage people very easily simply by smiling. So it is very urgent to maintain smile in all the ways of our professional life. Always be appreciative. Always try to be generous with praise and kind words. When people help you it is essential to thank them. Always be attentive. It is very important to be attentive when someone talks to us. Practice active listening. One can improve his qualities by regular basis practice on listening. Bring people together. It is very urgent to Treat everyone equally and same manner. We need to listen carefully and value what people say. Resolve possible conflicts. If there any conflict arises it is very important to resolve the conflict between the parties so that no further conflicts arise. Communicate clearly. Always clear and effective communication is required to avoid misunderstandings among coworkers, colleagues, as well as associates. Humor. Always try not to be afraid to be funny or cunning. See from other side. Always try to consider from the other side. This will help you to perform your duties properly. Dont complain. It is very essential not to complain against other. Personal SWOT analysis (an example of mine) My SWOT analysis is as follows. Key Strengths Im very enthusiastic. I can communicate in good manner with my fellow people. I have the ability to questions to find just the right professional angle. Im very committed to success. Key Weaknesses I always take more times to decide any decision which sometimes lengthen my projects. This sort of quality always faces me at a stress when I have too many works. Key Opportunities Im going to arrange a seminar for developing career which will help me to expand my capacity. The markets are expanding widely. As a result there is huge capacity for us to capture the market. Possible threats One of my co-workers Mr. Ajman is more fluent than me and he is always thinking him as my competitors. Because there are great shortage of employees, so a huge work load has fallen on me which will damage my capacity The current economic condition is not well. Personal development planning It is Personal development planning which is the process by which we can improve our ability in education, learning and career. The personal development planning can work in the following ways; Stage 1 Profiling Ourselves It is the first point for our individual professional development plan and should include the ways in which we can set our Personal development planning Stage 2 Define the Strategy The second step of personal development is defining the strategy. We have to make the strategy which can focus the maximum areas of the impact so this can meet both our personal and professional needs to achieve our objectives. Stage 3 à ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ Improve an Action Plan The next step of personal development plan is developing an action plan. An effective action plan has some elements which are given below: A clear statement of the goal to be achieved The actions required to achieve the goal The target timescale for achieving the goal Criteria to assess when we have reached our goal Stage 4 Learning methods There are many ways to divide the learning styles and procedures, but the easiest ways is the one of the following ways: Visual ways à ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ visual learning is the ways in which learners can read books, magazine and internet. Auditory this is the ways which is similar to hearing. Dialogue and discussion is essential in this ways Stage 5 Evaluation and Reflection The last step of personal development plan is evaluation and reflection. This step is similar to the ways in which we evaluate what we learn from the development plan as described above. Conclusion Form the above discussion and analysis we can be concluded that developing personal and professional skill is not single time task but it is a continuous and ongoing process because working environment and essential job skills are changing very rapidly. Professional development is not a new concept, but it is becoming increasingly important. Personal and professional development is very essential to sustain in the competitive business world. Everything in business world is changing rapidly. So to perform the task it is mandatory to develop ourselves. We have entered the knowledge-based economy. Thus it very important and essential task for all level of managers to evaluate their personal and professional skill on a continuous basis through skill audit and personal development plan as well as to take necessary actions to do better and cope with the changing situation.

Essay --

STATEMENT OF PURPOSE After one year's work experience as an electrical engineer at ________, a private LPG filling company with various filling plants located in Pakistan. After the completion of my undergraduate degree in 2012, I have been making constant efforts to develop better understanding in the field of Electrical Engineering. So, I joined_____________ and worked there as a Trainee Electrical Engineer for over 1 year. My training responsibilities areas were circuit breakers supervision, switch yard equipment and bus-bars calculation observation, making reports of ratings, and readings of generators and transformers. I want to return to academic study and undertake postgraduate course Master of Engineering Electrical (Power) at University of South Australia. I am greatly inspired to accomplish my aspiration to become a professional in the field of Power and Energy Systems. Beside aspiration the other reason I am choosing electrical power is of job perspective that the jobs related to electrical po wer are almost in every industry from smaller to a multinational. In under-graduation program I learned THEORY together with interesting practical course work to strengthen the fundamentals of Electrical Engineering. After graduating from the department of electrical engineering at the Institute of COMSATS institute of information technology in computer engineering. I felt that a practical experience is needed before going on to a postgraduate course. I learned the latest technologies in microprocessor systems, personal responsibility and teamwork. My undergraduate program has given me strong grasp in engineering basic subjects. I developed a deep interest in the practical course work of electric machines and control system as i... ...Os, worked with them as a volunteer (Social Mobilizer). I am greatly interested in the field of Power. I am convinced that your comprehensive curriculum is sufficient to help me develop into well-trained specialist in power systems. After completing my MS, I aim to become a highly acclaimed professional. On returning to Pakistan after pursuing my M.S. in electrical engineering, the knowledge that I have received in this field would be of great benefit to the electrical energy industry in Pakistan and the place where I will work. As such I would be well equipped to make a certain amount of impact on society and economy. It is heartfelt desire that I may continue my path of success with your international students. I am sure my technical skills would be greatly appreciated and would helpful to be considered for the Master of Science program in your reputed University.

Drugs and Homeostasis

1. ) Clinical Depression – is the most frequently encountered mental illness. Clinical depression is now considered a physical condition in which there is a fault in the brain chemistry. It may afflict up to 5% or more of the population. Symptoms of depression include a distinct change in mood accompanied with an extreme feeling of hopelessness. Other symptoms include: loss of appetite; weight loss; headaches; sleeplessness; loss of energy; and tiredness. Symptoms of anxiety are also quite common. Suicide is common in about 15% of depressed patients. Bipolar Disorder – is also known as manic depression. It affects about 5 in 1000 people. It is characterized by severe mood swings ranging from mania to depression, with normal periods in between. During a manic phase, the individual may think that they are invincible, behave recklessly or believe in delusions such as ones of fame. During the depressive phase, the individual loses interest in their usual activities, may sleep excessively or suffer from insomnia. They may also be at risk of suicide during the depressive stage. Schizophrenia – includes disturbance of thought patterns, disturbance of affective reactions and autism or withdrawal. Secondary symptoms include hallucinations, delusions and paranoia. These symptoms all represent a loss of contact with reality. 2. ) Alcohol – is probably the most commonly abused drug in society. Of all abused drugs, it is presently the only one considered legal upon reaching of age. It has been a large part of our culture for many years and is often associated with social functions and celebrations. However, alcohol use definitely has its dark side. It is known to alter personalities and cause people to behave in manner outside their normal personalities. A night of abusing alcohol can lead embarrassment and regret once the effects have worn off. Poor judgment while drinking alcohol can lead to making deadly decisions such as drunk driving. Also, people have abused alcohol to the extent they vomit in their sleep and choke to death. Marijuana – is tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) works by binding to CB1 receptors found on presynaptic membranes in the brain. These receptors function in blunting pain. THC also causes the release of the neurotransmitter dopamine which elevates mood and controls muscle movements. It has the ability of enabling the user to block out pain, frustration or confusion. In high concentrations can cause hallucinations, anxiety, depression, and psychotic symptoms. Smoking marijuana can cause lung cancer, sinusitis, and bronchitis. It increases the level of carbon monoxide in the blood which, in turn, reduces the amount of oxygen reaching the heart. Long term use can result in: impaired speech; memory loss; difficulty in understanding complex ideas; insomnia; impaired visual perception; and infertility. Cocaine – Cocaine is derived from the plant Erthoxylon coca and can be inhaled, smoked or injected. It results in a feeling of euphoria followed by depression. Cocaine acts by first stimulating the release of norepinephrine and dopamine and in higher doses the release of serotonin. Cocaine then interferes with the re-uptake of these neurotransmitters and these neurotransmitters build up in the synapse. Prolonged use will cause the body to produce less dopamine and the user will need more cocaine. Side effects include mental impairment, convulsions, hallucinations, stroke, heart attack and death. Heroin – is a highly addictive derivative of morphine. It is normally injected but can also be snorted or smoked. It operates by binding to ophioid receptors in the brain in which natural chemical endorphins are involved in the relief of pain. Prolonged use can cause less endorphin production. Side effects include: depressed respiration; impaired coordination; and decreased tolerance to pain; long term effects can include: collapsed veins; infections of heart valves and liver disease. Death can result from overdose. Rohypnol – is a drug associated with rave parties and comes from the benzodiazepine family. It is considered to be the â€Å"date rape† drug and has become famous for its use in committing sexual assault. It is often given to an unsuspecting victim by dissolving it in beverage while they are unaware. It is similar to Valium TM but has ten times its strength. In combination with alcohol, it can be deadly. Rohypnol is highly addictive and has severe withdrawal symptoms. Its use can cause deep sedation, respiratory distress, blackouts for up 24 hours, and amnesia. Ecstasy – is known as Methylene Dioxy Meth Amphetamine (MDMA) and has street names such as X, Rolls, E, Adam, Beans and Buddies. The initial use of ecstasy results in: increased heart rate; increased blood pressure; dilation of pupils and bronchi; brain stimulation; increased motor activity; tightening of jaw muscles; grinding of jaws; overheating; sweating; heat stroke; and dehydration. The long-term use of ecstasy can result in irreparable brain damage. 3. ) Higher doses of designer drugs can result in paranoia, depression and violent irrational behaviour. In general, designer drugs can create a wide range of physical problems such as: hypertension; uncontrolled tremors; total paralysis; seizures; permanent drain damage; and death. . ) Opioids – are typically used to treat pain. They can produce a feeling of euphoria by affecting regions of the brain that enable us to perceive pleasure. However, they can result in physical dependence and addiction. Tolerance of opioids can result in the need to take higher doses to achieve the same effect. Withdrawal will cause: restlessness; muscle and bone pain; ins omnia; diarrhea; vomiting; cold flashes; goose bumps; and involuntary leg movements. A large dose can lead to respiratory depression resulting in death. CNS Depressants – often used to treat anxiety and sleep disorders by slowing normal brain function. Common CNS depressants include barbiturates and Valium TM. Most CNS depressants act on the brain by affecting the neurotransmitter gammaaminobutryic acid (GABA). The function of GABA in the human body is to decrease brain activity. Therefore, increased doses will create the drowsy effect required to treat anxiety and sleep disorders. Individuals can build a tolerance to CNS depressants over time and require larger doses. Withdrawals can cause the opposite effects of the drug. The mind can race out of control, possibly resulting in seizures and other problems. Stimulants – used to treat narcolepsy, obesity, depression, and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). These drugs enhance brain activity and result in increased alertness, energy, elevated blood pressure, increased heart rate and respiration. Examples of stimulants include Ritalin TM and Dexandrine TM. The chemical structure of stimulants is similar to the chemical structure of the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and dopamine. Stimulants work by increasing the amount of these neurotransmitters to the brain. An increase in dopamine results in an increase in blood pressure, increase in heart rate, constriction of blood vessels, increase in blood glucose and it opens the pathways of the respiratory system. Stimulants do not result in physical dependence or withdrawal. However, they can be used compulsively and high doses repeatedly can lead to feelings of hostility and paranoia. High doses can cause body temperatures to rise to a dangerously high level. They can also create an irregular heartbeat leading to the risk of cardiovascular failure. There is also the potential of lethal seizures. Extensions: 1. ) The pros of marijuana are that they are less harmful to use then alcohol, It also reliefs us from pain and reduces spasticity due to multiple sclerosis. It has been shown to help sufferers of severe arthritis. It can be used as an anti – epileptic and anti – depressant. It is also believed to be less addictive then many prescribed painkillers. The cons of marijuana in the treatment of chronic pain are that It increases the level of carbon monoxide in the blood which, in turn, reduces the amount of oxygen reaching the heart. Repeated use tends to lead to the inability to deal with everyday challenges. Long term use can result in: impaired speech; memory loss; difficulty in understanding complex ideas; insomnia; impaired visual perception; and infertility. Marijuana use has also been linked to reducing immunity towards disease. 2. ) The cause of manic depression is still uncertain. There appears to be a genetic link and episodes can also be triggered by stress. Chemical changes are also being studied. Manic behaviour is believed due to a high level of noradrenergic activity. This activity continues until the neurotransmitters system is depleted. It is believed that lithium may prevent mania by preventing noradrenalin depletion. 3. ) Marijuana should be legalized. For one, it is less harmful than alcohol. If they legalized it, it would allow for better regulation and taxation of the drug. It would also save money in law enforcement. Many grave that prohibition of the drugs like marijuana supports organized crime, others raise concerns about addictions and health problems. There are also concerns that it may be the â€Å"gateway† to the abuse of more dangerous drugs.

My First Day in Mrsm Taiping Essay

My entire life change in a blink of an eye after I was accepted into MRSM. I was very happy and nervous. I never thought that I was accepted into MRSM Tiping because I’m apllying for MRSM Balik Pulau. I know nothing about this school. I knew that MRSM Taiping is a smart school after I step my legs here. I thought all MRSM are the same, the best. After the registration process settled, I went to check out my room. It was preety cool~ at that moment I started to feel full of grief as my parents would left me alone ? My dad and mom unpacked all my things. see more:paragraph on my first day at school Then, I secretly went to toilet and crying alone in the toilet without my parents knowledge~ Hahaha. That was so shameful when I thought about it again. I never told my parents about this. I cried a lot when I gave my parents goodbye. It took about half an hour for me to let my parents go. It was the hardest time for me as I’m very close to my family. I was being pampered by my dad and mom but that doesn’t mean I cannot managed myself. My dad said I have to leave my family because I want to success in my life. I would remember that words if I felt like I want to go back. After my parents leave, I went back to dorm and try to make friends. Then I have a conversation with Zai and we started being friend. I went to Dewan Selera for dinner. All the foods were nice. Eventhough it were not as good as my mom’s cooking, it’s still better than my former school food. It was seriously bad! Haha I think I was so cruel to say that words~ At first, I had a terrible homesick but all my friend can peace me up especially Zai and Afza. Thanks to them I still being here ? I think that’s all I can share with you guys. I hope I can perfome better here and prove to my friends that MRSM Taiping is the best.

Lees Surrender essays

Lees Surrender essays Some people believe that Robert E. Lee did not have that much influence on the South. They believe that he was a just a great general and that he didn't have much impact on the Confederate states. These people must have been from the North because General Robert E. Lee had a great impact on the South during the war, but he had an even greater impact after the war. People do not always act in their own interests. The South spent more in loss of lives than keeping slavery was worth in economic terms. The North spent more fighting the South than it would have cost to pay for the slave owners for their property. "People by large are guided by leaders. When their leaders march off into a folly, the people often follow" (Alexander 318). The smartest thing Lee ever did was surrender at Appomattox and put an end to the fighting. Before Lee surrendered, he was confronted by Porter Alexander and offered the idea of guerrilla warfare. Lee forcefully and finally rejected the idea of this. He saved countless lives of his soldiers by rejecting this idea. Lee made this statement in the hours before the surrender, "It is our duty to live, for what will become of the women and children of the South if we are not here to support and protect them" (Bradford 111). The South had a great deal of honor and respect for Lee. Everyone knew that Lee had fought to the very end. He had a great influence over the South, consequently, when Lee asked his men to be as good as citizens of a united nation as they had been good soldiers in war, they agreed whole-heartily. His ideas "turned many Southerners away from their feelings of hate and revenge toward cooperation and peace" (Alexander 320). After the war, the South realized that slavery was too expensive. The day after the surrender, Lee told Grant, "The South was now as opposed to human bondage as the North" (Alexander 320). The only real issue between the North and ...

Privacy given away

Privacy given away IntroductionWould someone's foraging your garbage for pieces of your information and fumbling your mailbox, a nuisance to you? What about someone going through your bag and wallet for a quick look? How about someone tailing you wherever you go, just like Web sites which keeps track of your every move and walk off with your personal information and use it as merchandise for business without your permission or any concern of invading into your privacy.Since Internet begins, privacy issues are growing concerns for online users and the problem became more severe each day.As adults and children, all of us face a new area of danger from the Internet. A list of some of the dangers children and adults routinely encounter on the Internet that may or may not lead to loss of privacy:* pedophiles* online dating and cybersex* hate groups* pornography* incorrect information* hoaxes* threats* viruses and other malicious self-replicating code* junk e-mail* chain letters and Ponzi schemes* get-rich-q uick schemes* Nigerian 4-1-9 scam* stolen software* stolen music and video* plagiarism* criminal hackers hacktivists* online auctions* online gambling* buying on the Web* games* spyware and scumware* addiction* theft of identity.English: An example of an automated online assista...Protection for myselfEvery site I ever visited other than those sites access on behalf of the company, knows nothing about me or my preferences. Oops, except one - the only that had began my phobia of revealing my real personal information and shopping online with my credit card.To be honest, I did all these deliberately. I am really sick and tired of receiving spams, I have registered up to six free email accounts. One for work, second for friends and relatives, third...

Fuzzy Logic with Data Mining with respect to Prediction and Clustering Research Paper

Fuzzy Logic with Data Mining with respect to Prediction and Clustering - Research Paper Example According to Jemal and Ferlay (2004, p.69), breast cancer is currently one of the major health problems as well as the leading cause of death amongst women worldwide. Consequently early detection of cancer risks is one of the key ways of improving the prognosis of the disease. Although there are a number radiological techniques such as mammography that can be used in the early detection of breast cancer risks, the enormous data generated by these techniques often make it difficult for radiologists to accurately evaluate breast cancer data (Dorf and Robert, 2001, p.234). Artificial intelligence techniques such as fuzzy clustering algorithms can therefore significantly improve the diagnosis and evaluation of breast cancer risks through clustering of the particular data elements. Consequently the incorporation of fuzzy logic algorithms in data mining is a powerful tool that can be employed in the extraction, clustering, quantification and analysis of the data base information regarding the assessment and diagnosis of cancer risks. When dealing with uncertainties in databases, fuzzy logic clustering algorithms can be used to cluster different elements of data into various membership levels depending on their closeness (Castillo and Melin, 2008, p.94). For example, during the evaluation of breast cancer risks, mammogram data may possess some degree of fuzziness such as ill defined shapes, indistinct borders and different densities. In this regard, a fuzzy clustering algorithm can be one of the most effective ways of handling the fuzziness of data related to breast cancer. As an intelligent technique, Fuzzy logic data mining algorithms not only provide excellent analysis of the data but can also be used to develop accurate results that are easy to implement. One of the greatest potential advantages of incorporating fuzzy logic in data mining is the fact that such algorithms can significantly be used in the modeling of inaccurate, non linear and complex data systems b y implementing human knowledge and experience as a set of fuzzy rules that uses fuzzy variables for inference purposes (Nguyen and Walker, 2003, p. 96). For example when using fuzzy algorithm for the prediction and clustering of breast cancer data, the human experience and knowledge related to breast cancer risks can be expressed as a set of inference rules of deduction that are then attached to the fuzzy logic system. Another important advantage of fuzzy algorithms systems for prediction and clustering of breast cancer data is that they usually have a significantly high inference speed. This paper proposes a fuzzy clustering algorithm that can be used in the data mining of breast cancer data and consequently in the evaluation and prediction of cancer risks in patients with suspected cancer cases. Proposed single If-then fuzzy rule Assuming that we have a classification problem with an n-dimensional c-class pattern whose space is given by n-dimensional cube (0, 1), n as well as that the m patterns Xp=Xp1,†¦Xpn, where p=1,2,†¦..m, we will need to generate the fuzzy if then rule in which Xpi [0,1] for p=1,2,†¦., m, i =1,2,†¦..,n. Based on the proposed single fuzzy If-then rule that is based on the mean and standard deviation of the attribute values, the fuzzy rule will be generated for each of the classes. Consequently the fuzzy If then rule for the kth

Migration of human beings Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Migration of human beings - Essay Example International trade is another factor that is seen to be supporting globalization in the world today. When people from different parts of the world are involved in trade, they tend to have a relationship that will go beyond trade. With international trade, specialization of products is realized a country produces what it can best and then distribute it to the rest of the world. This kind of trade really facilitates globalization. Integration of financial market and rapid movement of capital on the other hand supports the concept of globalization. For the case of an international company, it brings about movement of capital and integration of financial market thereby facilitating globalization. In cost globalization divers it entails the factors of production differences in different areas, high product development in some areas, rapidly changing technology, global scale economies and sourcing efficiencies. In government globalization drivers, it entails common market regulations, unrestrictive trade and investment policies and compatible technical standard. When these factors are harmonized in the world, they facilitate globalization. Globalization effects are felt in different perspective depending with the impact it will have as a whole. Inflation effects are felt due to the globalization meaning the monetary policy is greatly affected.

The Aspects of Terrorism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Aspects of Terrorism - Essay Example Understanding these aspects of terrorism is a necessary first step in forming a counter terrorism strategy. The most robust terrorist organizations have their basis in religion, and have been able to recruit members from areas that have been the subject of occupation by a foreign power. On the individual level, feelings of nationalism and a right to a land are the strongest motivators for committing terrorist acts, while ideology has only a small part. Suicide bombers are arguably the most heavily committed individuals to the terrorist's cause. In a recent study at the University of Chicago, Pape (2003) found that, "a strategy of suicide terrorism is most likely to be used to achieve nationalist goals, such as gaining control of what the terrorists see as their national homeland territory and expelling foreign military forces from that territory" (7). This has been evidenced in the Palestinian crisis, Northern Ireland, and Basque separatists in Spain. "Even Al Qaeda's goals for 9/11 included ridding Saudi Arabia of U.S. troops" (Investigations). A right to a homeland far outweighs the importance of ideology. Ideology seldom enters the discussion on terrorism or the terrorist's demands.

Business Project Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Business Project - Case Study Example (Yahoo Finance, 2005c) This is supported by the fact that IBM's gross revenue lags behind Microsoft and Dell Computers respectively. This is the reason why IBM is behind Microsoft by $1.55B in terms of its current net income. Recent changes in the technological milieu have provided Microsoft with several opportunities which they could exploit in order to gain advantage in the market. To illustrate, there is a growth of the use of mobile applications among the business sector as reflected by the emergence of personal digital assistants which could provide Microsoft the opportunity to take advantage of the virtually small number of companies offering software services for the said hardware. (Lewis et al, 2003) Moreover, the market for non-computer devices (non-desktop computer devices) apparently has been a growing industry as a consequence of the demand of the trendy and savvy modern professionals. (Amoruso et al, 2002) Finally, majority of the business divisions of the company is expanding which provides future possibilities for success. Similarly a number of general circumstances have also served as a threat to the company's macro-environmental settings. Among these threats is the fact that the life cycle of technological products is continuously becoming shorter as a result to the rapid developments in technology (Amoruso et al, 2002). Moreover, the competitors of the company, Apple and Linux, continue to eat up a bigger share on the market of operating systems. In terms of its global commerce, the reality of currency volatility could be detrimental in sales of the products of the company overseas. Alternative Course of Action Positioning IBM Consulting Services is entering the consumer electronics market with television sets, digital music players and an online music service, opening yet another front in its war with rivals Gateway Inc. and Apple Computer Inc. The shift is part of a broader strategy by IBM Consulting Services to expand its highly efficient, low-cost distribution model - which has consistently squeezed other personal-computer makers - into other markets, such as printers and servers. Gateway has also recently branched into consumer electronics after suffering brutal losses to IBM Consulting Services in the PC market. Research shows that, IBM Consulting Services is a well-managed leader in the PC industry with a commanding share of the fast-growing market segment of direct sales According to research, IBM Consulting Services developed a two-year communications plan based on the following strategies: Target a high-quality thought-leader media with stories that reinforce desired messages. According to sources, IBM Consulting S

Recommendations for a client business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Recommendations for a client business - Essay Example On the other hand, Strait’s business rival M.Y. China had their hostess at the podium to warmly greet the incoming guests and seat them most of the times. The restaurant manager also helped her seat the guests especially when more than one guest came in at the same time. This resulted in fewer complaints from customers and more importantly shorter periods in seating the customers. The hostess at M.Y. China is always in a jovial mood and welcomes guests in a friendly and a professional manner. It is apparent that from the customer comments that even when customers did not get her at the podium she made up with the welcoming gestures. She always engaged eye contact with her the guests, smiled and used a friendly tone when talking to them (Yelp). Therefore, Straits should put efforts in improving its service standards if it is to maintain its clientele, especially with increased competition from its next-door competitor M.Y. China. For instance, many customers have expressed diss atisfaction with declining food quality, service level and the restaurant’s general experience. The customers also bemoan the inattentiveness and the unprofessional manner with which the hostess and other workers behave themselves. Such negative perceptions from the customers may eventually hurt the restaurant’s business if they are not addressed. Some customers have complained about the absence of a clear job structure that results in ambiguity in the roles that different persons perform. For example, some guests have to wait to be ushered into the restaurant when the hostess is helping the servicer to clear the tables. Some customers also observed that the restaurant seems not to have an outlined task plan to ensure smooth flow of operations. This is apparent when customers who have made a reservation come into the restaurant and the hostess looks clueless when they enquire about their table. Sometimes she ends up mumbling some apologies and seating the guests in a d ifferent table. Recommendations The observers made some recommendations after a thorough evaluation of the service standards of Straits restaurant and comparing it to that of its competitor M.Y. China. Since the main issue was found to be the absence of the hostess at the podium, the group of observers formulated some recommendations that outlined tasks that would ensure that a hostess was always manning the podium area in order to greet and usher in incoming guests. The recommendations are outlined as follows: i. Organizing the reservations This would involve the hostess staying at the podium and organize any reservations that are made on the phone. The hostess should answer incoming machine messages to confirm that that all reservations have been noted. In addition, the hostess should schedule the reservations for all guests in advance and formulate a plan on how to receive and seat the guests as and when they arrive. This should include a seating chart. It is important for the ho stess to ask the guests some specific questions when they call in to make the reservations in order to have some basic information beforehand. Such information will assist the hostess in creating customer profiles that include names and contacts such as telephone numbers and e-mail addresses. However, the hostess may encounter problems that may be difficult to solve. For instance, what does the

Detailed Character Analysis for Hally, Sam, and Willie Essay

Detailed Character Analysis for Hally, Sam, and Willie - Essay Example We learn about Willie through what Sam says to him concerning his dance partner: â€Å"You hit her too much. One day she’s going to leave you for good† (7). From this, we can gather that Willie does not like to admit his mistakes, as Sam had to draw the information out of him that Willie had beaten his dancing partner, Hilda. Willie also likes to blame others for his problems: â€Å"Before that I use to be happy. And is you and Miriam who bring me to Hilda and say here’s partner for you† (37). We can see that Willie can’t take responsibility for his own actions and takes his frustrations out on others, but we can see how he learned this type of response from the way he’s been treated and seeing how others around him react. Willie functions as a foil to Hally. We can see the same kind of reactions in Willie as we see in Hally. The difference is that Hally thinks of himself as superior to Willie when he really does the same things as that Willie does. This is one reason that Willie isn’t as well developed as the other two characters; he has served his function. We already have one main character that treats people poorly, but Willie functions as the character that highlights Hally’s hypocrisy, and so we don’t need to know that much else about Willie. As previously mentioned, the main portion of the play takes place in conversations between Sam and Hally. Hally is a young, white, school age boy that has picked up his attitudes towards Sam and Willie, the servants, from his parents. It extends further than just how he degrades them when he’s angry at them; it includes how he feels superior to them as revealed in his everyday speech with them: â€Å"Act your bloody age†¦Cut out the nonsense now and get on with your work. And you too, Sam. Stop fooling around† (13). Even though the boy is does not earn the best grades in school, he considers himself intellectually superior to Sam and feels the need to instruct him: â€Å"Tolstoy may

Business Project Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Business Project - Case Study Example (Yahoo Finance, 2005c) This is supported by the fact that IBM's gross revenue lags behind Microsoft and Dell Computers respectively. This is the reason why IBM is behind Microsoft by $1.55B in terms of its current net income. Recent changes in the technological milieu have provided Microsoft with several opportunities which they could exploit in order to gain advantage in the market. To illustrate, there is a growth of the use of mobile applications among the business sector as reflected by the emergence of personal digital assistants which could provide Microsoft the opportunity to take advantage of the virtually small number of companies offering software services for the said hardware. (Lewis et al, 2003) Moreover, the market for non-computer devices (non-desktop computer devices) apparently has been a growing industry as a consequence of the demand of the trendy and savvy modern professionals. (Amoruso et al, 2002) Finally, majority of the business divisions of the company is expanding which provides future possibilities for success. Similarly a number of general circumstances have also served as a threat to the company's macro-environmental settings. Among these threats is the fact that the life cycle of technological products is continuously becoming shorter as a result to the rapid developments in technology (Amoruso et al, 2002). Moreover, the competitors of the company, Apple and Linux, continue to eat up a bigger share on the market of operating systems. In terms of its global commerce, the reality of currency volatility could be detrimental in sales of the products of the company overseas. Alternative Course of Action Positioning IBM Consulting Services is entering the consumer electronics market with television sets, digital music players and an online music service, opening yet another front in its war with rivals Gateway Inc. and Apple Computer Inc. The shift is part of a broader strategy by IBM Consulting Services to expand its highly efficient, low-cost distribution model - which has consistently squeezed other personal-computer makers - into other markets, such as printers and servers. Gateway has also recently branched into consumer electronics after suffering brutal losses to IBM Consulting Services in the PC market. Research shows that, IBM Consulting Services is a well-managed leader in the PC industry with a commanding share of the fast-growing market segment of direct sales According to research, IBM Consulting Services developed a two-year communications plan based on the following strategies: Target a high-quality thought-leader media with stories that reinforce desired messages. According to sources, IBM Consulting S

Detailed Character Analysis for Hally, Sam, and Willie Essay

Detailed Character Analysis for Hally, Sam, and Willie - Essay Example We learn about Willie through what Sam says to him concerning his dance partner: â€Å"You hit her too much. One day she’s going to leave you for good† (7). From this, we can gather that Willie does not like to admit his mistakes, as Sam had to draw the information out of him that Willie had beaten his dancing partner, Hilda. Willie also likes to blame others for his problems: â€Å"Before that I use to be happy. And is you and Miriam who bring me to Hilda and say here’s partner for you† (37). We can see that Willie can’t take responsibility for his own actions and takes his frustrations out on others, but we can see how he learned this type of response from the way he’s been treated and seeing how others around him react. Willie functions as a foil to Hally. We can see the same kind of reactions in Willie as we see in Hally. The difference is that Hally thinks of himself as superior to Willie when he really does the same things as that Willie does. This is one reason that Willie isn’t as well developed as the other two characters; he has served his function. We already have one main character that treats people poorly, but Willie functions as the character that highlights Hally’s hypocrisy, and so we don’t need to know that much else about Willie. As previously mentioned, the main portion of the play takes place in conversations between Sam and Hally. Hally is a young, white, school age boy that has picked up his attitudes towards Sam and Willie, the servants, from his parents. It extends further than just how he degrades them when he’s angry at them; it includes how he feels superior to them as revealed in his everyday speech with them: â€Å"Act your bloody age†¦Cut out the nonsense now and get on with your work. And you too, Sam. Stop fooling around† (13). Even though the boy is does not earn the best grades in school, he considers himself intellectually superior to Sam and feels the need to instruct him: â€Å"Tolstoy may

Interest in Rainwater Essay Example for Free

Interest in Rainwater Essay The article entitled â€Å"Interest in Rainwater Harvesting Grows in Colorado† written by Paul Day was about a proposal of Brad Lancaster, a rainwater virtuoso and initiator. His entire idea according to the news was that he wanted to use the rainwater for needs of the people and environment just like in Arizona and New Mexico. But the Executive Director of Colorado Waterwise, Paul Lander, prohibited his willingness to pursue this project because according to him it might result in breaking the rights of the people to that water. Lancaster insisted and he even showed two concrete project proposals for this. First, it would legalize the conception in countrysides that were not served by municipal water supplies. Lastly, it would instruct for conducting projects to study whether rainwater harvesting can be used without harming water rights. It interests me a lot because if we’re going to use the water from the sky in some ways, we can get lot of benefits out of it. I consider this as a biological issue because it discusses the precipitation process. This is very important because this is an exact example of learning how to utilize the nature for our advantage. The steps of scientific process: a. The usage of the rainwater purposefully though Colorado water law forbids it? b. Other places like Arizona and New Mexico can do it, why can’t we. c. They show the proposals using diagrams of storage tanks for collecting rainwater that runs off the rooftops home homes and businesses. d. The people who witness the presentation of the project agree that we can get a lot out of it. Scientific Terms: rainwater – water that comes form the sky project proposals – the entire flow or plan of the project and the things that they wanted to do precipitation process – the continuous cycle of water â€Å"Does Diabetes Make the Mind Go to Pieces† written by Mary Brophy Marcus is the second article. It imparted us about the risk of having Alzheimer’s disease and the effects of it are as follows: a. more prone to cognitive decline b. the mind’s ability to evaluate problems and the speed of processing information might suffer because of high rate of insulin or abnormal blood glucose. The experimentation by the researchers from the University of Alberta in Canada verified the people with diabetes and non diabetic were prone to mental decline according to the American Psychological Associations January issue of Neuropsychology but the executive function – complex, analytical thinking and speed processing were directed to the diabetic ones. In the journal Neuron published in December found out that if the brain didn’t get enough sugar it produced Alzheimer’s plaques but improving the brain’s blood flow might prevent or cured Alzheimer’s according to Robert Vassar, a professor of cell and molecular biology at Northwestern Universitys Feinberg School of Medicine and he recommended that doing some exercise, minimizing cholesterol intake and taking care of the hypertension could help a lot. On the contrary, according to Nir Barzilai, director of the Institute for Aging Research at Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York that insulin worked in the nerves that went to the liver and it declared stoppage glucose production and healed diabetes but not in the blood. I found it fascinating because it conveyed awareness on how to take good care of our body. I considered this biological issue because it dealt with the health of an individual. The steps of the scientific process: a: Treating Alzheimer’s disease? b. the insulin is a great help c. they observe people with diabetes and non – diabetic individuals d. proper maintenance of insulin/glucose in our body and the habitual exercise and taking care of the body will prevent diseases. Scientific Terms: glucose – a crystalline sugar insulin – secreted by islets of Langerhans for carbohydrate’s metabolism and glucose regulation in the blood and produced diabetes mellitus when insufficient. Alzheimer’s disease progressive memory loss, impaired thinking, and changes in mood. The last article entitled â€Å"The Big Green Giveaway† by Tony Milney wanted to share about Mr. Miliband’s willingess to save the planet and our benefit out of it. The objective of putting up the household carbon emissions close to zero by 2050, the government decided to plan an environmental makeover. Establishing ground or air-source heat pumps, solar heating, solid wall insulation, or to join a community heating scheme are the suggested ways to lessen the average ? 300 a year of the wasted energy that needed an action or prevention. Based from the principles of this proposal, all the privileges were given to the homeowners to be able to fulfill the energy saving measures in our home. Not only this, but also the 90,000 solar water-heating systems in Britain. Another offer was the installation wind turbines, wood-pellet stoves, ground-source heat pumps and other eco kit by the Energy Saving Trust. And it even mentioned here the different gadgets used to save energy at home. This article caught my attention because it gave us information and ideas on how to save energy and at the same having advantage of it. I considered this as a biological issue because it discussed the environment that we had and the energy that we consumed. It is important because it helped the people saved energy without damaging the ecosystem. The steps of the scientific process: a. How can we avoid wasted energy? b. the misused of the energy and environment can cause this kind of problem c. they mentioned the different ways on how to save energy and the invented gadgets that could be of great help to the people d. there will be no wasted energy if the people would learn how to save energy wisely. Scientific Terms: energy dynamic exertion of power carbon a nonmetallic primarily tetravalent element found native gadgets an often small automatic or electronic device with a sensible use but often thought of as a novelty. Works Cited Day, Paul. â€Å"Interest in Rainwater Harvesting Grows in Colorado. † CBS4Denver. com (Feb 12, 2009): http://cbs4denver. com/local/Rainwater. Harvesting. illegal. 2. 934360. html Marcus, Mary Brophy. â€Å"Does Diabetes Make the Mind Go to Pieces? † USA TODAY (Jan. 28, 2009): http://www. usatoday. com/news/health/2009-01-28-diabetes-alzheimers_n. htm Milne, Tony â€Å"The Big Green Giveaway. † The Sunday Times (February 15, 2009): http://www. timesonline. co. uk/tol/news/environment/article5732920. ece

Brand Development For Educational Services

Brand Development For Educational Services Edumentor Educational Services, is an organization operating in its 6th year and is engaged into providing comprehensive, result oriented entrance test preparation for graduation level management courses (BBS/BFIA/BBA/BBE) at various institutes. The USP of the company is its extensive promotional strategies being implemented by the MBA Interns. Over these years, EduMentor has been able to grab a niche for itself in this highly competitive industry as it has always been focuses on product quality and delivery. A major emphasis is on the BBS/BFIA courses at Shaheed Sukhdev College of Business Studies (CBS), University of Delhi, as this is the best institution in the south East Asian Region for the same .The other institutes are the likes of IP University, Symbiosis etc. This year the company has expanded its horizon by introducing coaching for five new courses i.e. HM (Hotel Management), Mass Communication, Law, B.e.Led (Bachelors in Elementary Education) and CA (Charted Accountancy). Since students get only approximately 2 months to prepare for all the entrance tests, the institute begins its initial batches barely a day after the 10+2 examinations. Also, unlike the competition which consists of major players from the CAT/CA/CS market of other preparatory institutes, like Career Launcher, IMS, P.T. Education, BBA/BBS/BBE/BFIA is the core competency that EduMentor deals in, hence it basically operates seasonally, from about 2 months before the XIIth examinations, to about 12weeks after the same. But now this year with the launch of CA (Charted Accountancy) CPT preparation course, the company plans to operate annually. For other new courses and along with the existing ones the rest over year is spent in refining the course material, and conducting career counseling sessions at various schools (70 schools covered last year) which also provide a database of students which can be used later for over the Phone counseling, sales calls and information regarding free sessions and form dates. The role of the MBA program interns is critical to the complete process. The interns are taken in batches so that one batch works the first half of the critical activity which is the recruitment of a huge ground level workforce of associate level workers Primarily, this team of second batch interns is divided into two groups, the counseling team, that is responsible for career counseling at the respective centers and over the phone counseling of students and parents , which the author was a part of. The second group handles the vital component of the Board Centre activities. This activity aims at maximizing the promotion efforts to the core target audience, i.e., class XII students (mainly commerce stream). During this activity, 350 board examination centers were located by various methods by the team, and compiled onto a list of centers that is divided into North Delhi, South Delhi, East Delhi West Delhi. These zones are handled by zonal managers, under who up to 12 managers handle 4-5 board exam centers each. Each Zonal manager is responsible for building a team under him, which works on the D day i.e. the Board Examination day. 1.1 Company vision: EduMentor was started with the intention of providing specialized coaching to the students who wish to seek admission in BBS / BBA / BBE. Aim was not just to open a coaching institute but rather to create a Knowledge Hub where students are the top priority. That is the reason why our faculty consists only of those who have been to the best in the field of BBA/BBS/BBE, making us ‘The Only Specialist BBA/BBS/BBE Entrance Coaching Institute†. At EduMentor our core competency lies more in mentoring our students with those skill-set and weapons of education with the help of which they can easily fight their own battles and win them in the long run. Students come and go year by year but every year a lot of students are referred by old students making EduMentor. 1.2 Purpose, Scope, and Limitations of Project: Purpose: The purpose of the project is to get an overall idea about the marketing of EduMentor Educational Services. It aims at developing the promotional and business development strategies of the company after thoroughly analyzing the same of the competitors. As the aspects of this project are multidimensional so is its purpose. It will take into consideration the mutual benefit of the company coupled with gaining some practical knowledge about the Education market their overall marketing strategies processes. Value-addition to the Company Find out the various products and courses present in the industry Find various promotional and business development activity being undertaken by the company and the its competitors Make company know the best products, methods and practices present in the market and develop strategies accordingly. Find out the positive and negative aspects pertaining to specific area of operations. Suggest the company the best possible scheme coupled with awareness and timing of benefit. Overall business development of company in terms of revenue and value enhancement and making the company operations more efficient and effective for long term benefit. Academic Benefits: Got an insight of educational products and gain through knowledge of various promotional strategies. Real time experience of interacting with perspective customers and convert them into real customers. Real time experience of doing a market research practical experience in convincing the end-users to fill up the questionnaire Handling a team and act as a leader giving that winning edge which would not have come naturally Scope of Project: The objective of the project includes, the organizational Development at EduMentor Educational Services. EduMentor had entered the market of educational services 6 years back, so the basic aim of this project is Business Development that is generating business for them by attracting students year-by-year by virtue of its product and ensuring effective operational accuracy across all its centers. This would include structuring of the entire business so as to increase the efficiency of the work done at EduMentor. The project would enable EduMentor in Business development of the educational packages by reaching to the maximum number of students. Also it aims at developing promotional strategies (by keeping in mind the requirements of target audience and moves taken by the competitors) to increase conversion of students into these programs. The project will also help in measuring the students preferences for EduMentor educational package and how best EduMentor can come up with an educational package that meets the need/expectation of students based on the survey that will be done. Limitations of the Study: As this project undertaken includes a lot of activities and is very vast so considering the accuracy of all the aspects as required by the study is a major limitation. However, every attempt will be made to overcome any flaw which might occur due to this. Certain other factors which can form drawbacks to the conclusions of the project are: a) Reach The company covers Delhi NCR region, it doesnt go beyond the boundaries of our national capital, hence expansion is limited. b)Finance issues The company is not funded by outside source and due to this problem it has limited resources to offer during various Business deals which cater to improper results at the end of the season for the organization. c) HR issues The company doesnt have enough HR‟s to manage out the activity in spite of the fact that hiring of summer interns from prestigious colleges like ICFAI Hyderabad Gurgaon provides a little edge in management, still occurrence of numerous loopholes tend to occur. d) Work Definition The results and conclusions of the project cannot be generalized as the area of work assigned to me is restricted to the north zone (as Center Management) and NOIDA Zone (as Zonal Manager). 1.3Methodology:  § Ghost shopping In order gain insights of the strategies of competitors a study was conducted to gain knowledge about the business model of various competitors like Career Launcher and IMS and develop competitive promotional strategy for EduMentor accordingly and thus be the best among a few.  § Relation building Interacting with class XII students and their parents in order to get an idea of what all they expect from an institute preparing for BBA/BBS/BBE entrance exam and also to brief them about various options one has after XII. This is done by: e) Conducting counseling in various tuition centers f) On the day of the Board exams, we interact with the parents, do short term counseling and give them brief knowledge of our product and the services we offer.  § Market research The help of a questionnaire would be taken if necessary.  § Business development strategies As a part of business development strategy various activities like Board center activity was conducted throughout Delhi in order to reach the target audience. On the day of the Board exams, we interact with the parents, do short term counseling and give them brief knowledge of our product and the services we offer Also SPD (Sample Paper Distribution) forms an integral part of BCA in order to generate awareness among the target audience. The Board Center Activity is the biggest marketing tool of the organization. CHAPTER 2 PRODUCT DETAILS (STAGE 1) BROAD VIEW: PRODUCT AT EDUMENTOR EduMentor was established with the goal of providing specialized coaching to the students who seek admission in top colleges for the courses like: BBS (Bachelor of Business Studies) BBA (Bachelor of Business Administration) BBE (Bachelor of Business Economics) BELED (Bachelor of Elementary Education) HM (Hotel Management) LAW CA-CPT (Charted Accountancy Common Proficiency test) ENG (H) (Common Admission test for English hons (CATE)) At EduMentor the core competency lies more in mentoring the students to the right path of education than merely preparing them to achieve the best results. The product mainly encompasses management courses at the under graduate level. The three major courses which are offered are BBA, BBE and BBS. Providing coaching for these three courses forms the product for EduMentor along with mentoring students for the same. All the courses are three full- time professional degree courses. A BBA/BBS degree provides adequate learning of managerial skills and knowledge of business activities to the students. However, BBE (bachelor of business economics) is a management degree which lays emphasis not only on the management skills but also helps the students to get adequate knowledge about the economy and its functioning. All the three courses have been designed so as to groom professionals for future, rather than mere academicians or â€Å"degree holder†. The course has kept in consideration the needs of the industry, so that students are job ready after their graduation unlike in the traditional sources where they are required to undertake additional professional courses to find a job. The approach to learning is a very practical one, complete with industry case studies, role plays and a lot of industry interaction. EduMentor provides coaching for undergraduate management courses. The primary programs being: BBS (University of Delhi) BBE/BFIA (University of Delhi) BBA (I.P. University, Symbiosis Pune, Christ Bangalore etc.) The Newly launched programs being: BeLed (University of Delhi) HM (I.P. University, Symbiosis Pune, etc.) CATE (University of Delhi) CA CPT (Institute of Charted Accountants of India) LAW (Various Universities throughout India) MASSCOMM (Various Universities throughout India) 2.1) BBS:BACHLOR OF BUSINESS STUDIES It is the prime pitch made by EduMentor; the company pitches itself to be the only specialist institute for its entrance coaching. BBS is a professional degree which has been designed on the same pattern as MBA programs. The subjects for the course are taken up from the curriculum of best ranking MBA colleges in India. During the two years or 4 semesters of BBS, students study the basics of all functions of management namely finance, marketing, human resource and specialize in one of these in the final year. BBS is an outstanding general management program, the curriculum for BBS is rigorous, flexible, and continually enriched with the latest developments in management theory and practice. The academic calendar is based on six semesters each six months in duration, followed by the University examinations. The Bachelor of Business Studies program enables graduates to think conceptually and adapt to change. In particular, the program is designed to: Develop intellectual and interpersonal skills Emphasize the broad economic, financial and managerial dimensions of dynamic business environment Facilitate the integration of academic knowledge and practical work experience Foster a high degree of professional competence in a specialist area Produce innovative and creative graduates Produce graduates who are motivated to continue lifelong learning and who cope effectively with change. Graduates of the Bachelor of Business Studies degree can look forward to a broad range of career opportunities in the dynamic and competitive environment of todays business world. 2.2) BBA: BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BBA aims at transforming a student into a corporate personality. This course with its intensive syllabus and a wide range of value addition modules enables the student to aspire for higher studies in premium business schools and India and abroad. Being a professional course it ensures a healthy balance between theoretical foundation and practical exposure to the present day business world. A quality BBA program offers more skill enhancement and practical knowledge than usual degree courses. Like an MBA program, learning through case studies, group activities, project writing, presentations, summer internship, etc. form an integral part of a BBA program. BBA graduates have an edge over others and are sought after by the industry owing to the exposure the course offers to operational environment in the field of Business. Most of the BBA programs require a candidate to pass in Class 12 / HSC examination. Some of the institutes may demand minimum marks of 50% in class 12 as an eligibility to pursue the program. However, students who have appeared their H.S.C examination and awaiting their results are also eligible to take these tests. 2.3) BBE: BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ECONOMICS BFIA: BACHELOR OF FINANCIAL AND INVESTMENT ANALYSIS Economists study the optimum use of financial resources for the success of an organization to increase productivity. They study production, distribution and consumption of goods and services on the application of economic policy in particular area such as finance, labor, agriculture, energy and health. The program- Bachelor of business economics is designed to develop broad business analytical skills as well as the technical knowledge required within the economics and finance environment. You will focus on the application of economic, finance and statistical theory to common business problems. Furthermore, class presentations, simulations and group assignments are used extensively to develop essential personal qualities including clear thinking, resourcefulness and the ability to work in a team and perform under pressure. As a BBE graduate one is expected to gain the necessary conceptual abilities, analytical skills and knowledge to equip one for a variety of professional career opportunities in industry, commerce or government service. In BBE the student verifies and reports how something is put into practice. As well as in the ability as in the activity the deepening of knowledge is the core factor. The students have to acquire an insight in the different functions that can be distinguished in a company, such as production, logistics, finance, marketing, informatics, control, etc. Future business economists are to be educated to deal with company problems in an integral way. Special emphasis is placed on ensuring the students qualifications for the job market and providing them with the necessary skills for academic research and further studies. As far as BFIA is concerned most management programs in a developing country are industry specific. Finance is one such area, which also happens to be an important subject, especially in todays global scenario. The rationale behind this course is to introduce students to the subject before they take it up at the MBA level as an elective. Furthermore, the thrust of the programs is on exposing the students to real time business problems, through three years of rigorous industry training, which runs simultaneously with theory classes. They are sent to Housing Finance Companies, Chartered Accountancy Firms and even to the Stock Exchange Board for experience. This course is meant for students who are keen on working in the core areas of finance, mainly with investment companies, capital markets, foreign exchange dealers, banks, mutual fund operations, insurance sector or finance companies. USP: Hard core finance content 30 Papers covered in six semesters. The opportunity for hands on training with our industrial partners. The papers covered in this course range from introduction to business and finance, to focus on areas like corporate taxation, auditing, corporate restructuring, merchant banking, investment analysis, portfolio management, etc. Pre Admission forms are not accepted. NEW PRODUCT LAUNCH THIS YEAR 2.4) B.El.Ed: BACHELOR OF ELEMENTARY EDUCATION The Bachelor of Elementary Education (B.El.Ed.) program is a four-year integrated professional degree program of Elementary Teacher Education offered after the senior secondary (class XII) stage of school. Conceptualized by the Maulana Azad Centre for Elementary and Social Education (MACESE) of the Department of Education, University of Delhi and launched in the academic year 1994-95, the program is an attempt towards fulfilling the need for professionally qualified elementary school teachers. B.El.Ed. is designed to integrate the study of subject knowledge, human development, and pedagogical knowledge and communication skills. Both professional and academic options are available to students who graduate with a B.El.Ed. Degree. The program aims to produce graduates of high caliber in the field of teacher education. A lot of effort is spent in the training of students and giving them a supportive and stimulating environment. A good number of students have been placed in government and private schools as professionally qualified elementary school teachers. Others are pursuing post-graduate studies and research in disciplines like education, linguistics, psychology, languages, history, social work, sociology, mathematics and political science. Many B.El.Ed graduates are pursuing research in educational studies in Central Universities. Some of them are working as teacher educators. 2.5) HM: HOTEL MANAGEMENT The boom in the tourism industry has resulted in the immense growth of hotel industry in India. The hotel industry promises a bright future for anyone who wishes to take up a career in this segment. The students opting for hotel management career courses must have an affinity towards socializing and understanding the needs of the people. As hotels fall under the service industry, the motive of hotel management courses in India is to prepare the students to face the challenges of this competitive world. As far as tourism industry in India is concerned, it is attracting tourists from across the world and this definitely calls for quality hospitality. Hotel Management as a Career Option Hotel management is one of the most interesting career options in the contemporary job market. Career training from a recognized and reputed hotel management institute is just an icing on the cake. In India there are many hotel management institutes and colleges which provide hospitality or hotel management courses. Hotel Management Course Admissions These hotel management courses make one aware of the operating-sections of the hotel industry like front office, general operations, sales and marketing, food and beverage, service keeping and catering. Candidates seeking admission to the hotel management courses in India need to pass their 12th standard examination with English as a subject. Students with a bachelors degree from any recognized university may also join some of the management training schemes offered by various institutions. Admission depends on the performance of the students in the written admission test, personal interview round and group discussion session. The time duration of the courses offered by several institutes may vary from six months to three years. Hotel Management Course Scope Hotel management job opportunities exists both in the private and public sector. One can look for various openings available in the hotels of the nation. Most of the hotels in India offer lucrative pay packages to the suitable candidates. The jobs offered are satisfying as well as highly rewarding. 2.6) CATE: COMMON ADMISSION TEST FOR ENGLISH (H) The Common Aptitude Test for English (CATE) for admission into the highly sought after B.A English (Honors) program offered by the Delhi University (DU). According to the CATE-2010 information bulletin, teachers of English at DU feel that a candidates good performance in the Class 12 English examination does not necessarily mean that they have an aptitude for studying English Literature. Earlier, the entrance tests for admissions to the English Honors course offered by colleges at DU were all conducted individually by the colleges themselves. The university administration had decided to change the system as it was believed that too many English entrance tests would put excessive pressure on candidates. 2.7) CA CPT (Common Proficiency Test) It is an entry level test for Chartered Accountancy Course. It is a test of four subjects i.e. Accounting, Mercantile Laws, General Economics and Quantitative Aptitude. This test is of 200 marks. This test is divided into two sessions of two hours each: A Simplified Entry to the Chartered Accountancy Course CPT will replace existing Professional Education (Course-I) which requires 10-month study period followed by an exhaustive theoretical examination. CPT is an objective type test to be held every February, May, August and November. This will reduce long waiting for entry to the chartered accountancy education and training. Common Proficiency Test will be objective type multiple choice based examination. Candidates will be allowed to opt for Hindi medium Question Paper Booklet for answering the questions. Detailed information will be found given in the Information brochure. PROGRAMMES OFFERED The BBS/BBA/BBE program is offered in two formats: Classroom Correspondence (Till last year) Table 1 Features Classroom Correspondence Program Program Basic Reference Material Yes No Classroom Training Yes No Class Assessment Tests Yes No Comprehensive Tests Yes No Simulated Tests Yes No Competitive Test Ranking Yes No GD PI Training Yes No The company provides a specialist coaching for the management courses, substantiating the claims with excellent course material, results and the best faculty pool from the industry. The advantage of being a firm of CBS alumni initiative provides it with extensive knowledge of the product and process forming the core advantage for the company. CHAPTER 3 SEGMENTATION, TARGETING AND POSITIONING 3.1SEGMENTATION The purpose for segmenting a market is to allow your marketing/sales program to focus on the subset of prospects that are most likely to purchase your offering. If done properly this will help to insure the highest return for your marketing/sales expenditures. Depending on whether you are selling your offering to individual consumers or a business, there are definite differences in what you will consider when defining market segments. At EduMentor, the kind of segmentation that is done is, segment marketing, based on a) Nature of school, i.e. public or private schools. Segmenting schools on the basis of its ownership, so that economically less privileged students of government schools can also be targeted, is unique to only EduMentor. No other player in the market, cater to the untapped potential of government school students. b) The segmentation can also be done on the basis of subjects studied at the +2 level. Like on the basis of stream: commerce, Science and humanities. Though student from any stream can apply for these entrances, but the target market becomes a little specific when considering commerce students, because often these entrances and other related courses are the first choice for them. Likewise, even within commerce students, the market can be segmented on the basis of subject mathematics, studied at the +2 level. Mathematics is essential for the entrance exam of BBE; hence, the students with commerce with maths can be motivated in that direction. 3.2TARGETING Targeting is the second stage of the SEGMENT Target POSITION (STP) process. After the market has been separated into its segments, the marketer will select a segment or series of segments and target it/them. Resources and effort will be targeted at the segment. Since BBS is a management related course it is a primary option for commerce students, so the biggest target students for the organization is students with commerce background. Humanities are going out of fashion, and the courses like Mass Communication and Hotel Management have tests on same pattern as of BBS. So, BBA training can help a student aspiring to clear a Mass Communication entrance test and also BBA entrance, like a backup option. After the primary data collection, the strategy used to reach to the prospective customers was done on the following segmentation. 3.3POSITIONING The organization has managed to form a niche for itself, in presence of strong competition from established players in the market. The positioning of the brand has been done from the very beginning, on two important propositions: The organization being the only institute for providing specialized coaching to the students who seek admission in BBS / BBA / BBE. That is the reason why the institutes faculty consists only of those who have been to the best BBA/BBS/BBE MBA institute making us „The Only Specialist BBA/BBS/BBE Entrance Coaching Institute‟. At Edumentor, the core competency lies more in mentoring the students to the right path of education than merely preparing them to achieve the best results. The core team comprises of alumni of Shaheed Sukhdev College of Business Studies and the leading MBA institutes which enable the organization to guide the students, the right things at the right time. Plus, the team, being CBSites, are more aware of the changes which have taken place in the pattern of the written test, GD and PI over the years. In fact, the core team consists of members who are involved in suggesting ways of improvement in the selection process at CBS in capacity of being Alumni of Shaheed Sukhdev College of Business Studies. Hence the STP (Segmentation, Targeting, and Positioning) for EduMentor can be summarized as follows: 3.47 Ps @EduMentor The top most players for undergraduate management coaching is I.M.S. in Delhi with maximum number of enrolments in various consecutive years, so methodology used by the I.M.S was analyzed so as to understand the need of the market and develop the strategies for EduMentor. PRODUCT: The main product of EduMentor is coaching in BBS/BBE/BBA. It has expanded its horizon by diversifying its portfolio covering various undergraduate entrance exam coaching. The undergraduate coaching product comprises of:- BBA/BBA/BBE entrance coaching CLAT : LAW entrance coaching Hotel Management Bank PO Media Fashion B.El.Ed CA CPT PLACE: EduMentor has its centers all over Delhi with a strong distribution channel. The centers are located all over Delhi are easily accessible making it a suitable option for the target audience. The centers are all located at prime locations providing it a higher visibility over the competitors. 13EduMentor Educational Services. PRICE: The price of EduMentor is slightly higher as compared to the other players present in the market. It reflects that EduMentor charges a premium on its price in lieu of its brand value and the market holding. The price of EduMentor varies from one zone to another depending on the demographic factors (mainly income) depending on affordability of the product at the place as well as the competition in that region. The pricing strategy forms the main part of competitor analysis as some segments of the market are price sensitive and respond sharply to the price variations in the market. The price for coaching in Delhi is kept at Rs.12, 500 by EduMentor PROMOTION: EduMentor being a zonal level player enjoys high brand awareness in Delhi and NCR region. The agenda of promotion for the company is to make the audience aware of the product offerings and remind them about them being the market leader. Due to Financial back-up, various ways used by them to do the promotion are:- Mobile ads (bulk SMS) IP College Activity Board Centre Activity Edupro(Ex-Student Referral Program) PEOPLE: Workforce at Edumentor comprises of very few permanent employees and because this company operates seasonally so major chunk of workforce constitutes of 45 MBA interns for three months. This team represents Edumentor in its peak season PROCESS:

Charles Darwin And Herbert Spencer :: Natural Selection, Evolution Essays

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Charles Darwin, a British naturalist, revolutionized biology with his theory of evolution through the process of natural selection. Herbert Spencer was the major philosopher of biological and social evolution. Spencer's work significantly influenced 19th century developments in biology, psychology, sociology and anthropology. While Darwin was influential in the fields of natural history and geology, his theory of evolution created great controversy. He changed the way people thought about the role of humans in the natural world. Although these two men made advancement in the theory of evolution they had contrasting views regarding anthropological study.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Charles Darwin was an English naturalist who first solidly established the theory of organic evolution, in his work, The Origin of Species. Darwin was born in Shresbury, Shropshire on February 12, 1809. His grandfather, Erasmus Darwin, was a famous English scientist and poet. In 1825 the young Darwin went to Edinburgh University to become a doctor. The same year, however, he transferred to Christ's College in Cambridge in order to become a clergyman. During this time he befriended a man of science, John Steven Henslow. It was Henslow who recommended him for the unpaid position of naturalist on the H.M.S. Beagle.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Darwin set sail on December 27, 1831 to study the Pacific coast of South America and the Pacific Islands. His other duty was to set up navigation stations in the area. He also studied the geology and biology of these areas. Upon his return in 1839, Darwin married his cousin, Emma Wedgewood, and was admitted to the Royal Society. He moved to Downe, Kent in 1842, and was plagued by ill health until his death. He apparently transmitted Trypanosomiastis from frequent bug bites in the Pacific. Darwin died on April 19, 1882 and was buried in Westminster Abbey.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In The Origin of Species, Darwin presented his idea that species evolve from more primitive species through the process of natural selection, which occurs spontaneously in nature. In his theory of how natural selection occurs, known as Darwinism, he pointed out that not all individuals of a species are exactly the same. But, rather that individuals have variations and that some of these variations make their bearers better adapted to particular ecological conditions. He pointed out that most species have more chances of surviving and producing young than do less adapted, and that over the passage of time, are slowly weeded out. The accumulation of adaptations to a particular ecological system leads into the development of separate species, each adapted to its own ecolgoical area.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In 1837, Darwin began work on the concept that evolution is essentially brought about by three principles. The first being variation which is present

Stress Essay -- essays research papers

Stress   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Stress is the nonspecific response of the body to any demands made upon it; it may be characterized as muscle tension and acute anxiety or may be a positive force of action. Stressors are what cause stress. Stressors are specific or nonspecific agents or situations that cause a stress response in the body. There are five Categories of Stressors: Acute time limited stressors are anxiety-provoking situations such as having to talk in public or work out a math problem; Brief naturalistic stressors are more serious challenges such as SAT’s or meeting a deadline for a big project; Stressful event sequences like difficult consequences such as a natural disaster, or another traumatic occurrence such as a death of a spouse; Individuals know the difficulties will end at some point; Chronic stressors are ongoing demands caused by life changing circumstances, such as a permanent disability following an accident or care giving for a parent with dementia; Individuals do not have a clear en d point. Distant stressors like a traumatic experience that occurred long ago, such as child abuse, yet continue to have an emotional psychological impact. If you are used to thinking that stress is something that makes you worry, you have the wrong idea of stress. Stress is many different kinds of things: happy things, sad things, allergic things, physical things. Many people carry enormous stress loads and they do not even realize it. There are many different kinds of stress: emotional stress, illness, pushing your body too hard, environmental factors, the special case of tobacco use, hormonal factors, and allergic stress. Emotional stress may happen when arguments, disagreements, and conflicts cause changes in your personal life -- that is stress. Illness can be something small like catching a cold, breaking an arm, a skin infection, a sore back, are all changes in your body condition. Pushing your body too hard is a major source of stress you are overdriving yourself. If you are working or partying (binge drinking) 16 hours a day, you will have reduced your available time for rest. Sooner or later, the energy drain on your system will cause the body to fall behind in its repair work. There will not be enough time or energy for the body to fix broken cells, or replace used up brain neurotransmitters. Changes will occur in your body's internal ... ...ith changes that temporarily lower resistance. Levels of certain hormones may rise blood pressure may increase. The body quickly makes internal adjustments to cope with a stressor and return to normal activity. Resistance: If the stressor continues the body mobilizes its internal resources to try to sustain Homeostasis (the body’s natural state of balance or stability). An example of it is when a loved one is seriously hurt in an accident, we initially respond intensely and feel great anxiety. During the subsequent stressful period of recuperation, we struggle to carry on as normal as possible, but it requires a considerable amount of effort. Exhaustion: If the stress continues long enough we can not continue normal functioning. Even a small amount of additional stress may cause a breakdown. Work Cited: Stress. Retrieved September 8, 2005, from the World Wide Web: http://www.reutershealth.com/wellconnected/doc31.html What Causes Stress? Retrieved September 8, 2005, from the World Wide Web: http://www.beatstress.ndirect.co.uk/page4.html Theories Explaining Stress and Anxiety. Retrieved September 8, 2005, from the World Wide Web: http://mentalhelp.net/psyhelp/chap5/chap5k.htm